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Dolphin Biopsy Sampling to Commence in Algoa Bay

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Members of the Cetacean Research Group of the Coastal and Marine Research Institute of Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University are conducting a research project, including biopsy sampling and mark-recapture surveys, on dolphin species in Algoa Bay (under the Department of Environmental Affairs permit number RES2015/14). This research will take place from July 2015 until the end of 2016 and will provide critical information for the conservation and management of humpback dolphin species in Eastern Cape waters.

Dolphin Biopsy Sampling
Researchers conducting photographic identification and biopsy sampling. The right-hand images show the dart and sample after it has been removed.

The researchers (Dr. Stephanie Plön and Dr. Thibaut Bouveroux) will collect skin and blubber (fatty) tissue samples from both humpback and bottlenose dolphins encountered in Algoa Bay and St. Francis Bay. Biopsy sampling is a safe and effective research technique when conducted by experienced researchers, and is widely used around the world. Dolphins are darted at a distance of 2-10m from the boat using a .22 rifle modified to shoot a dart at a speed controlled by the operator. The dart tip, which collects the sample, is approximately 0.5 cm by 1 cm in size and does not penetrate the thick blubber layer of the animal. This tiny sample provides researchers with a wealth of information, such as genetic and diet data.

A recent assessment of the status of the humpback dolphin in South Africa by the Endangered Wildlife Trust has indicated that the status of the species needs to be re-evaluated urgently. The Algoa Bay population was historically considered to be one of the largest populations in the country, but no recent data exist at present. The last dedicated study in Algoa Bay was completed in 1994 and recent opportunistic sightings have shown a change in behaviour and drop in group size, which could indicate a decline in the population.

The reasons for a potential decline are unclear, but human activities may be one leading factor. This coastal dolphin species prefers inshore habitat, which brings them close to human activities and pollution and this could affect their reproduction and survival. The study aims to gather the necessary information on the populations found in Algoa Bay and St. Francis to ensure they can be properly protected in the future.

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Alan Straton

Chief Cook, Bottle Washer and Broom Mechanic at MyPE
Passionate about Port Elizabeth and definitely NOT packing for Perth. Alan's ethos is epitomised in the words of Nelson Mandela; "I have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the idea of a democratic and free society. If need be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die." See more articles by Alan.